Tra từ sentence - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

sen·tence [sentence sentences sentenced sentencing] noun, verb BrE [ˈsentəns] NAmE [ˈsentəns]
noun
1. countable (grammar)a set of words expressing a statement, a question or an order, usually containing a subject and a verb. In written English sentences begin with a capital letter and end with a full stop/period (.), a question mark (?) or an exclamation mark/exclamation point (!).
2. countable, uncountable the punishment given by a court
•a jail/prison sentence
•a light/heavy sentence
•to be under sentence of death
• The judge passed sentence (= said what the punishment would be).
• The prisoner has served (= completed) his sentence and will be released tomorrow.
see also ↑death sentence, ↑life sentence

Word Origin:
Middle English (in the senses ‘way of thinking, opinion’, ‘court's declaration of punishment’, and ‘gist (of a piece of writing)’): via Old French from Latin sententia ‘opinion’, from sentire ‘feel, be of the opinion’.

Collocations:
Criminal justice
Breaking the law
break/violate/obey/uphold the law
be investigated/arrested/tried for a crime/a robbery/fraud
be arrested/ (especially NAmE) indicted/convicted on charges of rape/fraud/(especially US) felony charges
be arrested on suspicion of arson/robbery/shoplifting
be accused of/be charged with murder/(especially NAmE) homicide/four counts of fraud
face two charges of indecent assault
admit your guilt/liability/responsibility (for sth)
deny the allegations/claims/charges
confess to a crime
grant/be refused/be released on/skip/jump bail
The legal process
stand/await/bring sb to/come to/be on trial
take sb to/come to/settle sth out of court
face/avoid/escape prosecution
seek/retain/have the right to/be denied access to legal counsel
hold/conduct/attend/adjourn a hearing/trial
sit on/influence/persuade/convince the jury
sit/stand/appear/be put/place sb in the dock
plead guilty/not guilty to a crime
be called to/enter (BrE) the witness box
take/put sb on the stand/(NAmE) the witness stand
call/subpoena/question/cross-examine a witness
give/hear the evidence against/on behalf of sb
raise/withdraw/overrule an objection
reach a unanimous/majority verdict
return/deliver/record a verdict of not guilty/unlawful killing/accidental death
convict/acquit the defendant of the crime
secure a conviction/your acquittal
lodge/file an appeal
appeal (against)/challenge/uphold/overturn a conviction/verdict
Sentencing and punishment
pass sentence on sb
carry/face/serve a seven-year/life sentence
receive/be given the death penalty
be sentenced to ten years (in prison/jail)
carry/impose/pay a fine (of $3 000)/a penalty (of 14 years imprisonment)
be imprisoned/jailed for drug possession/fraud/murder
do/serve time/ten years
be sent to/put sb in/be released from jail/prison
be/put sb/spend X years on death row
be granted/be denied/break (your) parole
more collocations at ↑crime

Example Bank:
•Complete the following sentence: ‘I love dictionaries because…’.
•Cooke was so nervous he could barely string a sentence together.
•Does the sentence contain an adverb?
•He can barely form a grammatical sentence.
•He has been in prison for two months under sentence of death.
•He has begun a life sentence for Carol's murder.
•He spent a week in custody awaiting sentence.
•He tells her not to end her sentences with prepositions.
•He turned state's evidence in return for a reduced sentence.
•He was imprisoned under sentence of death.
•He will have to serve a life sentence.
•I came across the following sentence in a paper recently…
•I kept reading the same sentence over and over again.
•Peter finished Jane's sentence for her.
•She could face a long prison sentence.
•She punctuated her sentence with a well-aimed kick at his right shin.
•The US Supreme Court recently upheld both of these sentences.
•The argument can be distilled into a single sentence.
•The death sentence may be commuted to life imprisonment.
•The judge imposed the mandatory sentence for murder.
•The judge will pass sentence on the accused this afternoon.
•The offence carries a maximum sentence of two years in prison.
•This type of assault carries a maximum sentence of six months in prison.
•Troy uttered one last sentence.
•Try to keep your sentences short.
•an eight-year sentence for burglary
•ex-felons who have completed their sentences
•the mandatory minimum sentence
•the opening sentence of the novel
•She was given a life sentence.
•The judge passed sentence.
•The prisoner has served his sentence and will be released tomorrow.
•a death sentence
•a jail/prison sentence
•to be under sentence of death

verb often passive ~ sb (to sth) | ~ sb to do sth
to say officially in court that sb is to receive a particular punishment
•to be sentenced to death/life imprisonment/three years in prison
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
Middle English (in the senses ‘way of thinking, opinion’, ‘court's declaration of punishment’, and ‘gist (of a piece of writing)’): via Old French from Latin sententia ‘opinion’, from sentire ‘feel, be of the opinion’.

Example Bank:
•He was sentenced to two years in prison.
•The judge sentenced her to life imprisonment.
•They had been sentenced for murder.
•to be sentenced to death/life imprisonment/three years in prison